A cover letter is your first impression in writing. Most of them are ignored because most of them are generic. Here is how to write one that actually works.
Most cover letters are bad — not because candidates lack talent, but because they follow a formula that no longer works. Starting with "I am writing to express my interest in the position of..." is a signal that this is a template, not a genuine communication. Hiring managers can tell within the first two sentences.
A good cover letter is short, specific, and useful. Here is the structure that works.
Not flattery ("I have always admired your company"). Something concrete. Reference a product they launched, a challenge in their industry, something in the job post that genuinely interested you. This immediately signals that you did your homework and that this is not a mass application.
Example: "I noticed that [Company] is expanding its operations into East Africa — it is exactly the kind of growth phase where I have done some of my best work."
In one paragraph, make the link clear. Not a summary of your entire career — one or two specific things you have done that map directly to what they need. Attach a result if you can.
Example: "In my previous role at [Company], I managed a team of eight across three countries and reduced onboarding time by 30% over one year. This role asks for similar coordination, and I would bring that same approach."
Explain briefly why this position, at this company, makes sense for you. What about the work appeals to you? Why now? This does not need to be long — two to three sentences — but it needs to feel real.
Not "I hope to hear from you at your convenience." Something like: "I would love to discuss how my background fits what you are building. I am available for a call any time this week." Confident, not aggressive.
Nobody wants to read a cover letter longer than half a page. Every sentence should earn its place. If a sentence is not telling them something useful, cut it.
A cover letter should answer one question: why should this employer spend thirty minutes talking to you instead of the next person in their inbox? Answer that question specifically, and you have done the job.